Nuclear fusion breakthrough potential game-changer, says US

A nuclear fusion experiment that produced more energy than it consumed for the first time is a first that could upend the entire field of energy production, the US Department of Energy (DOE) said on Tuesday. 'This is an announcement that has been decades in the making,' the department tweeted. 'On December 5, 2022, a team from DOE's [Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory] made history by achieving fusion ignition. This breakthrough will change the future of clean power and America's national defence forever.' The breakthrough marks a milestone on the way to developing a new source of energy that could possibly one day generate electricity in huge quantities in a sustainable and safe manner. 'Simply put, this is one of the most impressive scientific feats of the 21st century,' US Energy Secretary Jennifer Granholm said at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, one of many sites in the world where researchers have been trying to develop the possibility of harnessing energy from nuclear fusion. 'It is the first time it has ever been done in a laboratory anywhere in the world,' she said, adding researchers have been working on the technology for more than 60 years. 'Ignition allows us to replicate, for the first time, certain conditions that are found only in the stars and the sun.' Granholm stressed that the breakthrough strengthens US national security and is 'one significant step closer to the possibility of zero-carbon abundant fusion energy powering our society.' She said fusion energy can be used to produce clean electricity for transportation fuels to power heavy industry and much more in a clean energy economy. The secretary said private sector investment and fusion research are already booming, reaching $3 billion last year alone and added that it meets President Joe Biden's goal to achieve commercial fusion within a decade. Granholm noted that the Energy Department made a $50 million investment in September for a public-private partnership to start working toward fusion-pilot plant designs. Fusion, which occurs when two nuclei combine to form a new nucleus, offers a potential long-term energy source that uses abundant fuel supplies and does not produce greenhouse gases or long-lived radioactive waste, according to the Energy Department. Creating conditions for fusion on Earth involves generating and sustaining plasmas which are hot gases that electrons are freed from atomic nuclei, it added.