Ankara and the opposition forces have seized swathes of territory along the Syrian border during several military operations since 2016.
Türkiye says it wants to create a "safe zone" along its border to stop Syrians displaced by war from crossing, and to send back some of the millions who already have.
Erdoğan said more than half a million Syrians who had fled to Türkiye have returned home to these safe zones.
More than 500 families now live in the newly opened settlement at Mashhar Ruhin, with 100 more due to arrive in the coming days, the latest in a series of Ankara-sponsored housing projects.
Hadiya Al-Taha, 70, used to live in a tent with her daughter after fleeing fighting in southern Idlib four years ago.