Saladin Ayyubi, born in Tikrit, Iraq, in 1138, played a crucial role in freeing Jerusalem from Crusader control. He established the Ayyubid state in Egypt after the downfall of the Fatimid state and aimed to liberate the holy city.
Saladin's military genius was evident in the Battle of Hittin, a decisive victory that severely weakened the Kingdom of Jerusalem and paved the way for the reconquest of Jerusalem.
The siege of Jerusalem began on September 20, 1187, and approximately 2.5 months later, on October 12, 1187, the city was handed over to the Ayyubids, ending the 88-year Crusader occupation.
Saladin Ayyubi, who deeply cared for Jerusalem, ensured the city's protection during the siege and expressed his reverence for its sanctity.