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Relief and alarm as El Salvador rounds up 'gangsters'

An unprecedented round up of alleged gangsters in El Salvador has netted thousands of suspects and brought relief to citizens living in constant fear.

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Relief and alarm as El Salvador rounds up gangsters

The gangs have extracted a heavy toll from him over the years, he said.

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Relief and alarm as El Salvador rounds up gangsters

"I have had to bury my brother, more than 10 colleagues and 25 employees, mainly drivers," he added.

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Relief and alarm as El Salvador rounds up gangsters

In the city center of San Salvador, where even vegetable sellers fall victim to racketeers, vendor Felipe told AFP he, too, was enjoying a reprieve from being shaken down.

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Relief and alarm as El Salvador rounds up gangsters

"We are not paying anything, the guys (gangsters) have not been seen, they have practically disappeared and the trade is flowing," said Felipe, who preferred to withhold his last name for fear of reprisal.

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Relief and alarm as El Salvador rounds up gangsters

Clients "have stopped being afraid of coming to the (city) center."

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Relief and alarm as El Salvador rounds up gangsters

Eduardo Cader, president of the Salvadoran Industry Association, said delivery trucks were, for the first time in a long time, able to enter certain areas where they previously had to pay bribes.

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Relief and alarm as El Salvador rounds up gangsters

According to a recent CID Gallup poll, an overwhelming majority of Salvadorans support Bukele's anti-gang operation.

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Relief and alarm as El Salvador rounds up gangsters

And on Sunday, lawmakers extended the state of emergency for another month.

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Relief and alarm as El Salvador rounds up gangsters

But not everyone is on board.

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Relief and alarm as El Salvador rounds up gangsters

'CRIMINAL POPULISM'

Emergency powers have done away with the need for arrest warrants, and sentences for gang membership have been raised five-fold to up to 45 years.

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Relief and alarm as El Salvador rounds up gangsters

Rights observers say innocent people are getting caught in the dragnet and journalists have raised censorship fears over jail terms of up to 15 years for "sharing" gang-related messages in the media.

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Relief and alarm as El Salvador rounds up gangsters

Rather than ordinary courts, suspected gangsters are brought before judges whose identities are hidden, ostensibly to protect them.

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Relief and alarm as El Salvador rounds up gangsters

But sitting judge Juan Antonio Duran told AFP these were measures of "criminal populism."

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Relief and alarm as El Salvador rounds up gangsters

He pointed out that trial by an anonymous judge, without witnesses or even the defendant present -- as has happened -- "is prohibited by the constitution."

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Relief and alarm as El Salvador rounds up gangsters

On Monday, Amnesty International said Bukele's state of emergency "has created a perfect storm of human rights violations."

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Relief and alarm as El Salvador rounds up gangsters

And US Secretary of State Antony Blinken reminded Bukele last week that "we can tackle violence and crime while also protecting civil rights and fundamental freedoms."

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Relief and alarm as El Salvador rounds up gangsters

Veronica Aguirre, 26, claimed her husband was arrested groundlessly, telling AFP that under the state of emergency, "we cannot provide proof" of innocence.

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Relief and alarm as El Salvador rounds up gangsters

Attorney General Rodolfo Delgado has insisted "honest people have nothing to fear."

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Relief and alarm as El Salvador rounds up gangsters

But Jose Maria Tojeira, former director of the Central American University's Human Rights Institute, said El Salvador had "a strong tendency for generalized punishments which... are a source of violations of the law."

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Relief and alarm as El Salvador rounds up gangsters

Bukele, 40, has likened El Salvador's gangs to "a metastasized cancer" and vowed there are only two paths for members: "prison or death."

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Relief and alarm as El Salvador rounds up gangsters

For Jose Miguel Cruz, a researcher at the Florida International University, the only long-term solution was disarming and rehabilitating former gangsters and productively reintegrating them into society.

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Relief and alarm as El Salvador rounds up gangsters

What El Salvador needed, he said, was a plan to "modify the conditions that make a good sector of the population resort to a life of crime to survive."

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Relief and alarm as El Salvador rounds up gangsters
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Relief and alarm as El Salvador rounds up gangsters
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Relief and alarm as El Salvador rounds up gangsters