The study reported that 84% of weather stations across Iceland recorded record temperatures in May.
The study reported that the ice sheet in Greenland melted 17 times faster than average during last May's heatwave, and noted that similar temperatures in Iceland and Greenland are "expected to be recorded only once every 100 years.
In Greenland and Iceland, infrastructure has been built for cold weather, which means that during a heatwave, melting ice can lead to flooding and damage to roads and infrastructure.