Until a rare June rainstorm, Sijoumi had been mostly empty. The waders and other birds that nest amid the reeds, water and mud where wild boar forage by dawn risk losing their usual seasonal home.
"This year's long drought has significantly impacted many environmental systems, particularly wetlands," said Haddad, standing on cracked dry earth where birds usually lay their eggs on small islands in the lagoon. This year, there has been no nesting there at all, she said.
Hicham Azafzaf, the scientific coordinator of Tunisia's Bird Lovers Association, said he had never seen such dry wetlands in his 20 years of monitoring them.
However, while this summer has been particularly bad, it follows a longer trend that had already had a clear impact on birds.
"There are several species that no longer come to Tunisia in the winter," Azafzaf said. Some 30,000 greater white fronted geese used to winter at Ichkeul National Park west of Tunis each year, but this January only 400-600 came, he added.
Climate change is not the only danger to Tunisia's wetlands, he said. Cities and towns are growing closer to the edges of lagoons and rubble and waste are ever more often dumped in or near the water.
Yet the lagoons and other wetlands are important for human residents too, regulating local temperature during heatwaves and helping avert dangerous floods by absorbing rainfall from sudden storms.
